Lelist ro

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Var workbook = new XLWorkbook();var ws = workbook.Worksheets.Add("Data Types");var co = 2;var ro = 1;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Plain Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "Hello World.";ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Plain Date:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new DateTime(2010, 9, 2);ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Plain DateTime:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new DateTime(2010, 9, 2, 13, 45, 22);ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Plain Boolean:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = true;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Plain Number:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = 123.45;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "TimeSpan:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new TimeSpan(33, 45, 22);ro++;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Explicit Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'Hello World.";ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Date as Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new DateTime(2010, 9, 2).ToString();ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "DateTime as Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new DateTime(2010, 9, 2, 13, 45, 22).ToString();ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Boolean as Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + true.ToString();ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Number as Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'123.45";ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "TimeSpan as Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new TimeSpan(33, 45, 22).ToString();ro++;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Changing Data Types:";ro++;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Date to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new DateTime(2010, 9, 2);ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "DateTime to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new DateTime(2010, 9, 2, 13, 45, 22);ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Boolean to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = true;ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Number to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = 123.45;ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "TimeSpan to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new TimeSpan(33, 45, 22);ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Text to Date:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new DateTime(2010, 9, 2).ToString();ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.DateTime;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Text to DateTime:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new DateTime(2010, 9, 2, 13, 45, 22).ToString();ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.DateTime;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Text to Boolean:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + true.ToString();ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Boolean;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Text to Number:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'123.45";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Number;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Text to TimeSpan:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new TimeSpan(33, 45, 22).ToString();ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.TimeSpan;ro++;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Formatted Date to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new DateTime(2010, 9, 2);ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Style.DateFormat.Format = "yyyy-MM-dd";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Formatted Number to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = 12345.6789;ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Style.NumberFormat.Format = "#,##0.00";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ro++;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Blank Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = 12345.6789;ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Style.NumberFormat.Format = "#,##0.00";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataTypes.Text;ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "";ro++;// Using inline strings (few users will ever need to use this feature)//// By default all strings are stored as shared so one block of text// can be reference by multiple cells.// You can override this by setting the .ShareString property to falsews.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Inline String:";var cell = ws.Cell(ro, co + 1);cell.Value = "Not Shared";cell.ShareString = false;// To view all shared strings (all texts in the workbook actually), use the following:// workbook.GetSharedStrings()ws.Columns(2, 3).AdjustToContents();workbook.SaveAs("DataTypes.xlsx");

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Rule of thumb for flux ranges for different source waters. This can be better determined with the help of RO design software.Feed Water Source Gfd FluxRO Permeate Water 20-30Brackish Well Water 14-18Brackish Surface Water 10-14Sea Water 8-12Sewage Effluent 5-10Understanding the difference between passes and stages in a Reverse Osmosis (RO) systemThe term ‘stage’ and ‘pass’ are often mistaken for the same thing in an RO system, and the terminology can be confusing for an RO operator. It is important to understand the difference between a one- and two-stage RO and a one- and two-pass RO.1 stage vs 2 stage Reverse Osmosis (RO) systemIn a one-stage RO system, the feed water enters as one stream and exits the RO as either concentrate or permeate water.In a two-stage system, the concentrate (or reject) from the first stage then becomes feed water for the second stage. The permeate water collected from the first stage is combined with permeate water from the second stage. Additional stages increase the RO system’s recovery.ArrayIn a reverse osmosis system, an array describes the physical arrangement of the pressure vessels in a two-stage system. Pressure vessels contain RO membranes (usually from 1 to 6 RO membranes are in a pressure vessel), and each stage can have a certain amount of pressure vessels with RO membranes.The reject of each stage then becomes the feed stream for the next successive stage. The two-stage RO system above is a 2:1 array, which means the concentrate (or reject) of the first two RO vessels is fed to the next single vessel.Reverse Osmosis (RO) system with a concentrate recycleIf an RO system cannot be properly staged and the feed water chemistry permits, you can use a concentrate recycle setup where a portion of the concentrate stream is fed back into the feed water of the first stage to enhance system recovery.Single Pass vs Double Pass Reverse Osmosis (RO) systemsThink of a ‘pass’ as a standalone RO system. The difference between a single-pass RO system and a double- pass RO system is how many RO systems the water passes through.In a double-pass RO, the permeate. lelist. Follow. lelist Follow. @shaosearch; Block or Report Block or report lelist. Block user. Prevent this user from interacting with your repositories and sending you notifications. Learn more about blocking users. You must be logged in to block users. Add an optional note: Lelist moda feminina. 2,993 likes. LELIST Moda Feminina Fabrica o pr pria Atacado e Varejo Galeria via Brasil loja 42 norte ferrovi rio

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3Romans 5:5 : ver 8; Jn 3:16; Ro 8:39Romans 5:5 : Ac 2:33; 10:45; Tit 3:5, 6Romans 5:6 : Mk 1:15; Gal 4:4; Eph 1:10Romans 5:6 : ver 8, 10Romans 5:6 : Ro 4:25Romans 5:8 : Jn 3:16; 15:13; 1Pe 3:18; 1Jn 3:16; 4:10Romans 5:9 : S Ro 4:25Romans 5:9 : S Ro 3:25Romans 5:9 : S Ro 1:18Romans 5:10 : Ro 11:28; Col 1:21Romans 5:10 : ver 11; Ro 11:15; 2Co 5:18, 19; Col 1:20, 22Romans 5:10 : Ro 8:34; Heb 7:25Romans 5:11 : S ver 10Romans 5:12 : ver 15, 16, 17; Ge 3:1-7; 1Co 15:21, 22Romans 5:12 : ver 14, 18; Ge 2:17; 3:19; S Ro 6:23Romans 5:12 : S Ro 3:9Romans 5:13 : S Ro 4:15Romans 5:14 : Ge 3:11, 12Romans 5:14 : 1Co 15:22, 45Romans 5:15 : ver 12, 18, 19Romans 5:15 : Ac 15:11Romans 5:17 : S ver 12Romans 5:17 : Jn 10:10Romans 5:18 : S ver 12Romans 5:18 : S Ro 4:25Romans 5:18 : Isa 53:11Romans 5:19 : ver 12Romans 5:19 : S Ro 3:9Romans 5:19 : S Php 2:8Romans 5:20 : Ro 3:20; 7:7, 8; Gal 3:19Romans 5:20 : Ro 6:1; 1Ti 1:13, 14Romans 5:21 : ver 12, 14; S Ro 6:16Romans 5:21 : S Ro 3:24Romans 5:21 : S Mt 25:46Romans 6:1 : S Ro 8:31Romans 6:1 : ver 15; Ro 3:5, 8Romans 6:2 : S ver 6; ver 10, 11; S ver 18; Ro 8:13; Col 3:3, 5; 1Pe 2:24Romans 6:3 : S Mt 28:19Romans 6:4 : S ver 6Romans 6:4 : S Ac 2:24Romans 6:4 : Ro 7:6; S 2Co 5:17; Eph 4:22-24; Col 3:10Romans 6:5 : ver 4, 8; Ro 8:11; 2Co 4:10; Eph 2:6; Php 3:10, 11; Col 2:12; 3:1; 2Ti 2:11Romans 6:6 : S Gal 5:24; Eph 4:22; Col 3:9Romans 6:6 : S ver 2; ver Which means the concentrate (or reject) of the first two RO vessels is fed to the next single vessel.RO System with Concentrate RecycleIf an RO system cannot be properly staged and the feed water chemistry permits, you can use a concentrate recycle setup where a portion of the concentrate stream is fed back into the feed water of the first stage to enhance system recovery.Single Pass RO vs Double Pass ROThink of a ‘pass’ as a standalone RO system. The difference between a single-pass RO system and a double- pass RO system is how many RO systems the water passes through.In a double-pass RO, the permeate from the first RO (the first pass) becomes the feed water to the second pass (or second RO). A double-pass RO system produces a much higher quality permeate because it has essentially gone through two RO systems.In addition to producing a much higher quality permeate, a double-pass system also provides the opportunity to remove carbon dioxide gas from the permeate by injecting caustic between the first and second pass. C02 is undesirable when using mixed bed ion exchange resin beds after the RO system.Adding caustic after the first pass raises the pH of the first pass permeate water and converts CO2 to bicarbonate (HCO3) and carbonate (CO3-2), which RO membranes in the second pass reject more effectively.This process is not feasible with a single pass RO system because injecting caustic and forming carbonate (CO3-2) in the presence of cations like calcium leads to scaling of RO membranes.RO PretreatmentProper pretreatment using both mechanical and chemical treatments is critical for an RO system toprevent fouling, scaling and costly premature RO membrane failure and frequent cleaning requirements. Below is a summary of common problems an RO system experiences due to lack of proper pretreatment.FoulingFouling occurs when contaminants accumulate on the membrane surface effectively plugging the membrane. Many contaminants in municipal feed water are naked to the human eye and harmless for human consumption. However, they are large enough to quickly foul (or plug) an RO system.Fouling typically occurs in the front end of an RO system and

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Of RO elements in system * square footage of each RO element) For example, you have the following:· The RO system is producing 80 gpm of permeate.· The system has 3 RO vessels each holding 6 RO membranes for a total of 3 x 6 = 18 membranes.· The RO system membranes are Toray TMG20D-400 which has 400 square feet of surface area per membrane.To find the flux (Gfd):Gfd= (75 gpm X 1,440) / (18 x 400)= 16 GfdThis means 16 gallons of water passed through each square foot of each RO membrane per day.This number could be good or bad depending on the feed water chemistry and system design. Below is a general rule of thumb for flux ranges for different source waters. This can be better determined with the help of RO design software.Feed Water Source Gfd FluxRO Permeate Water 20-30Brackish Well Water 14-18Brackish Surface Water 10-14Sea Water 8-12Sewage Effluent 5-10Understanding passes and stages in a Reverse Osmosis (RO) systemThe term ‘stage’ and ‘pass’ are often mistaken for the same thing in an RO system, and the terminology can be confusing for an RO operator. It is important to understand the difference between a one- and two-stage RO and a one- and two-pass RO.Difference between a One and Two Stage RO SystemIn a one-stage RO system, the feed water enters as one stream and exits the RO as either concentrate or permeate water.In a two-stage system, the concentrate (or reject) from the first stage then becomes feed water for the second stage. The permeate water collected from the first stage is combined with permeate water from the second stage. Additional stages increase the RO system’s recovery.ArrayIn a reverse osmosis system, an array describes the physical arrangement of the pressure vessels in a two-stage system. Pressure vessels contain RO membranes (usually from 1 to 6 RO membranes are in a pressure vessel), and each stage can have a certain amount of pressure vessels with RO membranes.The reject of each stage then becomes the feed stream for the next successive stage. The two-stage RO system above is a 2:1 array,

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From the first RO (the first pass) becomes the feed water to the second pass (or second RO). A double-pass RO system produces a much higher quality permeate because it has essentially gone through two RO systems.In addition to producing a much higher quality permeate, a double-pass system also provides the opportunity to remove carbon dioxide gas from the permeate by injecting caustic between the first and second pass. C02 is undesirable when using mixed bed ion exchange resin beds after the RO system.Adding caustic after the first pass raises the pH of the first pass permeate water and converts CO2 to bicarbonate (HCO3) and carbonate (CO3-2), which RO membranes in the second pass reject more effectively.This process is not feasible with a single pass RO system because injecting caustic and forming carbonate (CO3-2) in the presence of cations like calcium leads to scaling of RO membranes.Pre-treatment for Reverse Osmosis (RO)Proper pretreatment using both mechanical and chemical treatments is critical for an RO system toprevent fouling, scaling and costly premature RO membrane failure and frequent cleaning requirements. Below is a summary of common problems an RO system experiences due to lack of proper pretreatment.FoulingFouling occurs when contaminants accumulate on the membrane surface effectively plugging the membrane. Many contaminants in municipal feed water are naked to the human eye and harmless for human consumption. However, they are large enough to quickly foul (or plug) an RO system.Fouling typically occurs in the front end of an RO system and results in a pressure drop across the RO system and a lower permeate flow. This translates into higher operating costs and eventually the need to clean or replace the RO membranes.Fouling will take place eventually due to an RO membrane’s extremely fine pore size no matter how effective the pretreatment protocols or cleaning schedule. However, proper pretreatment will minimize the need to address fouling related problems.The following can cause fouling:Particulate or colloidal matter (dirt, silt, clay, )Organics (humic/fulvic acids, )Microorganisms (bacteria, )Breakthrough filter media upstream of the RO unitBacteria are one of the most common fouling problems. This is because RO membranes cannot. lelist. Follow. lelist Follow. @shaosearch; Block or Report Block or report lelist. Block user. Prevent this user from interacting with your repositories and sending you notifications. Learn more about blocking users. You must be logged in to block users. Add an optional note:

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If the problem has occurred for a long period of time, run the following commands to collect all logs of the AP. [HUAWEI-diagnose] quit[HUAWEI] quit save logfile system-view[HUAWEI] diagnose[HUAWEI-diagnose] save diag-logfile[HUAWEI-diagnose] quit[HUAWEI] quit cd logfile/ dirDirectory of flash:/logfile/ Idx Attr Size(Byte) Date Time(LMT) FileName 0 -ro- 1,113,850 Aug 31 2015 11:26:57 2015-08-31.12-29-00.dblg 1 -ro- 1,113,970 Aug 31 2015 19:45:02 2015-08-31.23-14-59.dblg 2 -ro- 1,113,920 May 06 2016 08:42:07 2016-05-06.08-47-07.dblg 3 -ro- 1,113,472 May 11 2016 16:19:54 2016-06-09.17-15-52.dblg 4 -ro- 1,114,104 Jun 14 2016 17:55:56 2016-06-14.18-29-52.dblg 5 -ro- 1,114,031 Jun 14 2016 22:22:06 2016-06-14.22-54-08.dblg 6 -ro- 1,113,835 Jun 17 2016 17:29:24 2016-06-17.18-08-54.dblg 7 -ro- 1,113,843 Jun 17 2016 20:34:50 2016-06-17.20-47-59.dblg 8 -ro- 1,113,743 Jun 22 2016 20:06:19 2016-06-22.20-50-06.dblg 9 -ro- 1,113,271 Jun 28 2016 16:58:37 2016-06-28.19-58-45.dblg 10 -ro- 1,113,494 Jun 29 2016 17:33:23 2016-06-29.18-32-36.dblg 11 -ro- 1,113,824 Jun 30 2016 01:22:38 2016-06-30.02-19-21.dblg 12 -ro- 1,113,773 Jun 30 2016 09:10:31 2016-06-30.10-09-39.dblg 13 -ro- 1,125,418 Jun 30 2016 09:26:03 2016-06-30.12-25-03.log 14 -ro- 1,113,801 Jul 11 2016 09:59:38 2016-07-11.10-13-26.dblg 15 -ro- 1,113,732 Jul 13 2016 15:41:02 2016-07-13.15-54-31.dblg 16 -ro- 1,129,531 Jul 13 2016 19:55:33 2016-07-15.10-37-46.dblg 17 -ro- 1,113,787 Nov 26 2018 21:54:45 2018-11-27.01-02-52.dblg 18 -ro- 1,113,604 Nov 27 2018 22:56:38 2018-11-28.00-20-24.dblg 19 -ro- 1,113,723 Nov 28 2018 07:37:57 2018-11-28.08-40-58.dblg 20 -ro- 1,113,744 Nov 28 2018 15:14:40 2018-11-28.16-10-55.dblg 21 -rw- 384,570 Jul 19 2016 10:07:11 log.dblg 22 -rw- 681,533 Jul 19 2016 10:06:57 log.log Use FTP or TFTP to export logs with extensions log and dblg. AP information must be collected on the AP. In V200R008C10 or a later version, you only need to run the save logfile command.

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User1515

Var workbook = new XLWorkbook();var ws = workbook.Worksheets.Add("Data Types");var co = 2;var ro = 1;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Plain Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "Hello World.";ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Plain Date:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new DateTime(2010, 9, 2);ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Plain DateTime:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new DateTime(2010, 9, 2, 13, 45, 22);ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Plain Boolean:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = true;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Plain Number:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = 123.45;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "TimeSpan:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new TimeSpan(33, 45, 22);ro++;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Explicit Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'Hello World.";ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Date as Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new DateTime(2010, 9, 2).ToString();ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "DateTime as Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new DateTime(2010, 9, 2, 13, 45, 22).ToString();ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Boolean as Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + true.ToString();ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Number as Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'123.45";ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "TimeSpan as Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new TimeSpan(33, 45, 22).ToString();ro++;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Changing Data Types:";ro++;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Date to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new DateTime(2010, 9, 2);ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "DateTime to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new DateTime(2010, 9, 2, 13, 45, 22);ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Boolean to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = true;ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Number to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = 123.45;ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "TimeSpan to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new TimeSpan(33, 45, 22);ws.Cell(ro, co +

2025-04-21
User6998

1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Text to Date:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new DateTime(2010, 9, 2).ToString();ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.DateTime;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Text to DateTime:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new DateTime(2010, 9, 2, 13, 45, 22).ToString();ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.DateTime;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Text to Boolean:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + true.ToString();ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Boolean;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Text to Number:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'123.45";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Number;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Text to TimeSpan:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "'" + new TimeSpan(33, 45, 22).ToString();ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.TimeSpan;ro++;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Formatted Date to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = new DateTime(2010, 9, 2);ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Style.DateFormat.Format = "yyyy-MM-dd";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Formatted Number to Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = 12345.6789;ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Style.NumberFormat.Format = "#,##0.00";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataType.Text;ro++;ws.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Blank Text:";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = 12345.6789;ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Style.NumberFormat.Format = "#,##0.00";ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).DataType = XLDataTypes.Text;ws.Cell(ro, co + 1).Value = "";ro++;// Using inline strings (few users will ever need to use this feature)//// By default all strings are stored as shared so one block of text// can be reference by multiple cells.// You can override this by setting the .ShareString property to falsews.Cell(++ro, co).Value = "Inline String:";var cell = ws.Cell(ro, co + 1);cell.Value = "Not Shared";cell.ShareString = false;// To view all shared strings (all texts in the workbook actually), use the following:// workbook.GetSharedStrings()ws.Columns(2, 3).AdjustToContents();workbook.SaveAs("DataTypes.xlsx");

2025-03-30
User1396

Rule of thumb for flux ranges for different source waters. This can be better determined with the help of RO design software.Feed Water Source Gfd FluxRO Permeate Water 20-30Brackish Well Water 14-18Brackish Surface Water 10-14Sea Water 8-12Sewage Effluent 5-10Understanding the difference between passes and stages in a Reverse Osmosis (RO) systemThe term ‘stage’ and ‘pass’ are often mistaken for the same thing in an RO system, and the terminology can be confusing for an RO operator. It is important to understand the difference between a one- and two-stage RO and a one- and two-pass RO.1 stage vs 2 stage Reverse Osmosis (RO) systemIn a one-stage RO system, the feed water enters as one stream and exits the RO as either concentrate or permeate water.In a two-stage system, the concentrate (or reject) from the first stage then becomes feed water for the second stage. The permeate water collected from the first stage is combined with permeate water from the second stage. Additional stages increase the RO system’s recovery.ArrayIn a reverse osmosis system, an array describes the physical arrangement of the pressure vessels in a two-stage system. Pressure vessels contain RO membranes (usually from 1 to 6 RO membranes are in a pressure vessel), and each stage can have a certain amount of pressure vessels with RO membranes.The reject of each stage then becomes the feed stream for the next successive stage. The two-stage RO system above is a 2:1 array, which means the concentrate (or reject) of the first two RO vessels is fed to the next single vessel.Reverse Osmosis (RO) system with a concentrate recycleIf an RO system cannot be properly staged and the feed water chemistry permits, you can use a concentrate recycle setup where a portion of the concentrate stream is fed back into the feed water of the first stage to enhance system recovery.Single Pass vs Double Pass Reverse Osmosis (RO) systemsThink of a ‘pass’ as a standalone RO system. The difference between a single-pass RO system and a double- pass RO system is how many RO systems the water passes through.In a double-pass RO, the permeate

2025-03-30

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